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Encrypt and decrypt files to public keys via the OpenSSL Command Line
7z (when the password option is used) uses a 256bit AES encryption (with SHA256 key stretching). Install it (p7zip-full), right click on a file or directory you want to encrypt, and choose Compress,.7z and Other options /Password. For decryption, right click on the.7z file and choose Extract here. Mar 31, 2015 Believe me Linux is very good at this. Generate a random unique password of length equal to 10 characters using command ‘pwgen‘. Encrypt a password using crypt along with salt. Encrypt a string say “Tecmint-is-a-Linux-Community” using aes-256-cbc encryption using password say “tecmint” and salt.
Published: 25-10-2018 | Author: Remy van Elst | Text only version of this article
Table of Contents
This small tutorial will show you how to use the openssl command line to encryptand decrypt a file using a public key. We will first generate a random key,encrypt that random key against the public key of the other person and use thatrandom key to encrypt the actual file with using symmetric encryption.
Because of how the RSA algorithm works it is not possible to encrypt largefiles. If you create a key of
n
bits, then the file you want to encrypt mustnot larger than (n
minus 11) bits. The most effective use of RSA crypto is toencrypt a random generated password, then encrypt the file with the passwordusing symmetric crypto. If the file is larger then the key size the encryptioncommand will fail:We generate a random file and use that as the key to encrypt the large file withsymmetric crypto. That random file acts as the password so to say. We encryptthe large file with the small password file as password. Then we send theencrypted file and the encrypted key to the other party and then can decrypt thekey with their public key, the use that key to decrypt the large file.
The following commands are relevant when you work with RSA keys:
openssl genrsa
: Generates an RSA private keys.openssl rsa
: Manage RSA private keys (includes generating a public key from it).openssl rsautl
: Encrypt and decrypt files with RSA keys.
The key is just a string of random bytes. We use a base64 encoded string of 128bytes, which is 175 characters. Since 175 characters is 1400 bits, even a smallRSA key will be able to encrypt it.
Get the public key
Let the other party send you a certificate or their public key. If they send toa certificate you can extract the public key using this command:
Generate the random password file
Use the following command to generate the random key:
Do this every time you encrypt a file. Use a new key every time!
Update 25-10-2018
The key format is HEX because the base64 format adds newlines. The
-pass
argument later on only takes the first line of the file, so the full key is notused. (Thanks Ken Larson for pointing this to me)Encrypt the file with the random key
Use the following command to encrypt the large file with the random key:
The file size doesn't grows that much:
It's encrypted however:
Encrypt the random key with the public keyfile
Use the following command to encrypt the random keyfile with the other personspublic key:
256 Bit Aes Key Generator
You can safely send the
key.bin.enc
and the largefile.pdf.enc
to the otherparty.Hence the DSA implementation is neither standards conform nor secure. Generate an encrypt using a public key certificate in python.
You might want to sign the two files with your public key as well.
Generate Aes 256 Key Linux Download
Decrypt the random key with our private key file
If you want to decrypt a file encrypted with this setup, use the followingcommand with your privte key (beloning to the pubkey the random key was cryptedto) to decrypt the random key:
This will result in the decrypted random key we encrypted the file in.
Generate Aes 256 Key Linux Pdf
Decrypt the large file with the random key
Once you have the random key, you can decrypt the encrypted file with thedecrypted key:
This will result in the decrypted large file.
Tags: ca, certificate, decrypt, encrypt, openssl, pki, ssl, tls, tutorialsThis post briefly describes how to utilise AES to encrypt and decrypt files with OpenSSL.
AES - Advanced Encryption Standard (also known as Rijndael).
OpenSSL - Cryptography and SSL/TLS Toolkit
We’ll walk through the following steps:
- Generate an AES key plus Initialization vector (iv) with
openssl
and - how to encode/decode a file with the generated key/iv pair
Note: AES is a symmetric-key algorithm which means it uses the same key during encryption/decryption.
Generating key/iv pair
We want to generate a
256
-bit key and use Cipher Block Chaining (CBC).The basic command to use is
openssl enc
plus some options:-P
— Print out the salt, key and IV used, then exit-k <secret>
or-pass pass:<secret>
— to specify the password to use-aes-256-cbc
— the cipher name
Note: We decided to use no salt to keep the example simple.
Issue
openssl enc --help
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Encoding
Let's start with encoding
Hello, AES!
contained in the text file message.txt
:Decoding
Decoding is almost the same command line - just an additional
-d
for decrypting:Note: Beware of the line breaks
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While working with AES encryption I encountered the situation where the encoder sometimes produces base 64 encoded data with or without line breaks..
Short answer: Yes, use the OpenSSL
-A
option.